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Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

History

Toponymy
The place name Elm Park was devised in 1933. It was derived from Elm Farm, which is first recorded in 1777 and was known as Elms in 1883.

Local government
The area that became Elm Park formed part of the South End, Hornchurch ward of the parish of Hornchurch; the large ancient parish occupied the same area as the royal manor and liberty (division) of Royal Liberty of Havering. The Havering courts and Hornchurch vestry were the principal local government in the area. The liberty was abolished in 1892 and the parish vestry in 1894. Elected local government was incorporated by the Local Government Act 1894. Hornchurch Civil parishes in England was governed by Hornchurch Parish Council and formed part of the Romford Rural District, governed by Romford Rural District Council.

In 1926 the Hornchurch parish was removed from the rural district to become Hornchurch Urban District and the parish council became Hornchurch Urban District Council. The council, based in Langtons from 1929, was the planning authority during the transition of Elm Park from farms to suburban development. The Hornchurch Urban District was abolished in 1965 and Elm Park became part of the London Borough of Havering in Greater London.

Urban development
Elm Park Garden City was a planned community by the developer Costain Group, drawing on the ideas of the garden city movement. Costain purchased the land of Wyebridge, Elm and Uphavering farms for the development in 1933. Plans were announced for 7,000 houses on of land for private sale in May 1933, and were submitted to Hornchurch Urban District Council in June. Costain negotiated a higher density of development than was usually permitted. In return the council achieved some improvements, including provision of wider roads, a bridge over the railway line, and the donation of land for Harrow Lodge Park. Costain built an estate office at the corner of Coronation Drive and Maylands Avenue that is now occupied by a real estate lawyer.

Costain negotiated with the London, Midland and Scottish Railway to have a station built on the London to Southend railway that ran through the area and Elm Park tube station, served by the District line of the London Underground, opened in 1935. The station and the Elm Park Garden City were officially opened by Hilton Young, Secretary of State for Health in May 1935. Celebrations to mark the opening included a performance by the Dagenham Girl Pipers. The Assembly Hall, intended to be used as a recreation space and theatre, was gifted to the Elm Park Residents' Association, which was established in July 1935. The estate was marketed as "Elm Park Romford", with Romford approximately to the north. A frequent bus service was provided from 1939.

House building on the estate was halted by World War II. Because of the proximity of RAF Hornchurch the area was subject Aerial bombing of cities with some damage to the housing stock. After the war national housing policy had changed and Hornchurch Urban District Council deviated from the Costain plans to provide higher density social housing through compulsory purchase of the land, using loans from the Public Works Loan Board. By 1964 the council had created 1,146 council houses in Elm Park. Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Governance

Elm Park is divided between the three wards of Elm Park, Hacton and St Andrew's, all within the London Borough of Havering. Each ward elects three councillors to Havering London Borough Council. The majority of Elm Park is within the Elm Park ward, but the area to the east of The Broadway and north of the railway is in St Andrew's ward; and the area to the south of the railway and to the east of The Broadway is in the Hacton ward. The Elm Park ward is in the Dagenham and Rainham (UK Parliament constituency), with the Hacton and St Andrew's wards in the Hornchurch and Upminster (UK Parliament constituency). All of Elm Park is within the Havering and Redbridge (London Assembly constituency) London Assembly constituency and the London (European Parliament constituency) European Parliament constituency. Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Geography

Open spaces in the area include Harrow Lodge Park, Hornchurch Country Park, Brettons Park and Eastbrookend Country Park of the Thames Chase forest. Nearest places are Dagenham, Hornchurch, Rainham, London, and Romford. Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Demography

{| class="wikitable" align="right" style=font-size:85%;margin-left:10px;
! colspan="5" |Elm Park ward compared (2001 Census)
|-
! Statistic || Elm Park || Havering || London || England
|-
! colspan="5" | Ethnic group
|-
| White
| 11,398 || 213,421 || 5,103,203 || 44,679,36
|-
| Asian
| 215 || 4,088 || 866,693 || 2,248,289
|-
| Black
| 191 || 3,139 || 782,849 || 1,132,508
|-
| Mixed
| 148 || 2,298 || 226,111 || 643,373
|-
| Chinese/Other
| 96 || 1,302 || 193,235 || 435,300
|-
! colspan="5" | Population
|-
| '''Total'''
| '''12,048''' || '''224,248''' || '''7,172,091''' || '''49,138,831'''
|-
| Density(/hectare)
| 32.85 || 19.97 || 45.62 || 3.77
|-
| Households
| 4,950 || 91,722 || 3,015,997 || 20,451,427
|}
The 2001 census shows the Elm Park ward has a population density higher than the borough of Havering, lower than all of London, but much higher than England as a whole. The population is predominately White, 92% within the White British classification, which is typical for the borough, and both higher than London and England. The mean and median average age of the population is 40, which is typical for the borough, about five years above London as a whole and slightly above the average for England.Neighbourhood Statistics, 2001 Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Economy

Elm Park is identified as a district centre in the London Plan and a priority for regeneration.{{ cite web | url=http://www.havering.gov.uk/Pages/ServiceChild/CollierRowandElmPark-LGSL-823.aspx | title=Collier Row and Elm Park
| publisher=Havering London Borough Council }} Within Havering it is near to the major centre at Hornchurch and metropolitan centre at Romford. The compact retail area extends along the whole of The Broadway, which is flanked by the Station Parade and Tadworth Parade precincts, and continues along parts of Elm Park Avenue and Saint Nicholas Avenue. There are 196 units in the town centre. As of November 2012, 13.91% are convenience goods, 30.43% comparison goods, 42.61% services, and 13.04% vacant. These include a variety of independent and high street brand shops, including banks, clothes shops, pharmacies, bakers, greengrocers, fishmongers, florists, opticians, bicycle shops, butchers, hairdressers, grocery stores, off licence, dry cleaners, travel agents, and a post office. The unit sizes are fairly small, with a Tesco Express and The Co-operative Food forming some of the larger stores. In 2013 an M local branded Morrisons convenience store openedhttp://www.grubnub.co.uk/479052-morrisons-hornchurch and a Sainsbury's replaced the former Elm Park Hotel.http://www.romfordrecorder.co.uk/news/time_called_on_elm_park_s_oldest_pub_as_it_looks_set_to_become_a_sainsbury_s_1_1793923 There is a library which has recently been rebuilt. There is a number of takeaways, cafes and restaurants. Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Transport

Elm Park is served by Elm Park tube station and has London Buses services to nearby Romford, Rainham, London and Hornchurch. Regeneration linked to the Thames Gateway project has been mooted and recent changes such as the installation of new street lighting have been made. The East London Transit includes an option to serve the area.

Elm Park was the site of a derailment of a British Rail commuter service on 29 March 1965 resulting in two deaths and 15 people being injured: an act of vandalism by unknown persons (placing an obstruction on the line) derailed a London Fenchurch St. to Shoeburyness passenger train travelling at 70 m.p.h. Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Culture and community

Regeneration in the area is led by Havering London Borough Council and the Elm Park Regeneration Partnership. Elm Park is served by the several churches - the Elm Park Baptist church, St Albans Catholic Church, St. Nicholas Church of England, Arise Metropolitan Assembly which meets at the annex of the Elm Park Community Assembly Hall on Eyhurst/St.Nicholas Avenue, Christ Life Church and Eagles Christian Connections. It is also in Elm Park that the London Metropolitan Assembly convened by Apostle George Akalonu meets each month to discuss issues of common interest to faith, civic and community leaders. Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

See also

*List of people from Havering
*List of schools in Havering Elm Park is a suburban district in east London, England, and part of the London Borough of Havering. Located east-northeast of Charing Cross, it is identified as a district centre in the London Plan with several streets of shops and a priority for regeneration. Prior to the construction of the extensive Elm Park Garden City development in the 1930s it was a scattered settlement of farms in the south of the parish of Hornchurch. Elm Park has been connected to central London by the electrified District line service since 1935 and the planned development of the area formed part of the interwar period private housing boom that was interrupted by World War II. After the war Elm Park expanded with social housing and it has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

References

Category:Areas of London
Category:Districts of Havering
Category:Planned communities
Category:1935 establishments in England

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