Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
History
Stamford Hill lies on the old Ancient Rome road of Ermine Street, on high ground above Stoke Newington, where it crosses the road from the medieval village of Clopton (the modern Upper Clapton and Lower Clapton) into Hackney Central. By the 18th century, the road was subject to heavy traffic, including goods wagons pulled by six or more horses, and this caused the surface of the road to deteriorate. The local parishes appealed to Parliament in 1713 for the right to set up a Turnpike trust, to pay for repairs and maintenance. Gates were installed at Kingsland, London and Stamford Hill to collect the tolls. (Brickfields Spitalfields) accessed 18 May 2009
Development of the area began around 1800, and many prosperous dwellings were built around Stamford Hill over the next 100 years. The ''London Road'' became a busy commercial centre to serve the needs of the burgeoning population. Around 1880, not only were railways serving the area, but this was the point where the tram systems coming north from the cityThe North Metropolitan Tramways Co. inaugurated 1872, and ran from Moorgate via Kingsland and Stoke Newington Roads to Stamford Hill met the Hackney Central tram system,The North Metropolitan from Bishopsgate ran through Mare Street, and thence to Upper Clapton, opened in 1872, and was extended to Clapton Common in 1875, reaching Stamford Hill in 1902 and so it became a busy interchange, with a depot opening in 1873. Date accessed: 1 November 2006. Electrification commenced in 1902 and by 1924 a service was commenced between Stamford Hill and Camden Town along Amhurst Park.
Stamford Hill had many eminent Jewish residents, including the Montefiore family. Italy-born Moses Vita Montefiore (died 1789) was living there in 1763. His son Joseph (died 1804) married Rachel Mocatta, and his grandson Abraham Montefiore (died 1824) married Henrietta whose father, the financier Nathan Meyer Rothschild, lived near the modern Colberg Place from 1818 to 1835. The Montefiores' property a little further south was to be transformed by Abraham's grandson, Claude Montefiore, into Montefiore House school. With the increased development of the area, many distinguished families moved away: in 1842 there were few remaining of the wealthy Jews who had once settled in Hackney. Date accessed: 31 October 2006. The philanthropist and Abolitionism in the United Kingdom Samuel Morley (MP) had a residence here from about 1860. The gardening writer and cottage gardener Margery Fish was born Margery Townshend in Stamford Hill in 1892.ODNB entry by Catherine Horwood.
From the 1880s, a new influx of Jews arrived in the area escaping from the poverty of Stepney in the East End accessed 14 August 2007 and, in 1915, the New Synagogue was transferred to Stamford Hill to serve this growing population. In 1926, the Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations was established in Stamford Hill, and this became a magnet for other strictly observant Jews, many fleeing Nazi persecution in the years before World War II. Also, many Jewish families came to the area from other areas of London, refugees in their own way from bombing and post-war clearances for new housing. One of the early Hasidic leaders in Stamford Hill was the Shotzer Rebbe. The Hungarian revolution of 1956 also led to an influx of Haredi Jews fleeing hardship under Soviet rule. Another notable Jewish resident from 1955 until his death in 2000, was the spiritual head of the Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations, Rabbi Chanoch Dov Padwa. Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
Haredi Jewish community
[[Image:Stamford hill.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Hasidic Judaism shopping in Stamford Hill.]]
Stamford Hill is at the centre of an Ashkenazi ultra-Orthodox Jewish and predominantly Hasidic Judaism community estimated to be some 30,000 strong and growing at a rate of around 5% each year. It is the largest Hasidic community in Europe, and referred to as a ''square mile of piety'', reflecting the many Jewish men seen walking in their distinctive clothes on their way to and from worship. The congregations often represent historical links with particular areas of Eastern Europe in their dress and their worship. Many also retain international links with other congregations around the world. The largest of these congregations is the Satmar (Hasidic dynasty), which has five directly associated synagogues; Belz (Hasidic dynasty) is another large community with several synagogues. In the surrounding area there may be over 50 synagogues, and many observant Jews in the neighbouring areas of Stoke Newington, Upper Clapton and Tottenham identify with Stamford Hill.
A volunteer emergency response first-aid service called Hatzola (the Hebrew word for rescue) and a volunteer community watch group called Shomrim (volunteers) (the Hebrew word for watchmen) are run by, and largely for, the Jewish community.
accessed on 11 December 2006 The need for dietary observance means that Stamford Hill has a large number of shops selling specifically Kosher food.
The strictly orthodox Jewish community relies mostly on private education for schooling, with almost all Jewish children attending private, single-sex Jewish schools. In 2005, however, the Stamford Hill Yesodey Hatorah Senior Girls' School achieved voluntary-aided status. accessed 19 June 2009 The school has made headlines several times, most recently when some of its pupils refused to study Shakespeare due to his alleged anti-Semitic views, and the school's principal, Rabbi Abraham Pinter, saluted the girls for having pride in their beliefs. Sarah Harris ''Daily Mail'' (29 February 2008) accessed 19 June 2009
Haredi families on average have 5.9 children, almost 2.5 times the average for England and Wales, and many families live in overcrowded flats. (Reuters/YNET 1 October 2006) accessed 19 June 2009 National planning regulations are applied by the local council, prohibiting "excess" development of family housing. This has led to conflict between the council and the Jewish population, represented by the Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations. Agudas Israel Housing Association is active in developing housing for the Jewish community in Stamford Hill.
There is also a notable population of Yemenite Jews, especially History of the Jews in Aden who originated in the port city of Aden in Yemen. They settled in Stamford Hill after fleeing the inter-community violence at the end of the Aden Protectorate. The Adeni Congregation synagogue, Nahalat Yosef, is named after the original Adeni synagogue in Yemen.The synagogues are named for the book ''Nahalat Yosef'' by Shemu'el Yosef Yeshuah. The book is named for his father, but contains a systematic exposition of rabbinical law and ethics. A second part details his travels in Palestine and the particular customs of Adeni Jews. In ''The Jews of the British Crown Colony of Aden'' Reuben Ahroni pp. 170–1 (Brill, 1994) ISBN 90-04-10110-1 A new synagogue has been built, modelled on the original one. Adeni Jews tend to consider themselves a different ethnicity to other Yemeni Jews, due to differences in traditions, prayers (pronunciation) and customs that have evolved under British rule. In recent years, many have moved to Southgate, London and Hendon. Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
Demographics
Stamford Hill reflects the very diverse composition of The London Borough of Hackney. The data table shows ONS Census data accessed on 27 November 2006 for the wards around Stamford Hill, where respondents indicated a religion:In the 2001 UK census, respondents were voluntarily asked to identify their religion.
The London Borough of Hackney has expressed its concern that Jewish residents were seriously under-counted in the 2001 Census data'''Torah, worship and acts of loving kindness' - Christine Holman and Naomi Holman, De Montfort University, November 2002. Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
Education
The Jesuit order founded St Ignatius' College on 10 September 1894, in two houses called Morecombe Lodge and Burleigh House near Tottenham High Road. In 1907 the College was recognised by the Board of Education and began to receive public money. Notable former pupils of St Ignatius include Alfred Hitchcock and John Carmel Heenan. It remained at Stamford Hill as a grammar school until 1968, and then became a two-tier, seven-form entry comprehensive school, the Lower School being located at the old Cardinal Allen School in Enfield, and the Upper School in Stamford Hill. In 1987, the Upper School also moved away from Stamford Hill, when both parts of the school were united in Enfield in the course of a major building programme.
Today, Lubavitch Senior Girls' School, Our Lady's Convent RC High School, Skinners' Academy and Yesodey Hatorah Senior Girls' School are secondary schools located in the area.
There are also many independent or Haredi schools in the area. Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
Transport and locale
{{Geographic location
|title = '''Neighbouring areas of London.'''
|Northwest = Hornsey
|North = South Tottenham
|Northeast = Walthamstow
|West = Manor House, London
|Centre = Stamford Hill
|East = Leyton
|Southwest = Finsbury Park
|South = Stoke Newington
|Southeast = Upper Clapton
}}
;Nearest stations
* Stamford Hill railway station
* South Tottenham railway station
* Manor House tube station
* Seven Sisters station
* Stoke Newington railway station Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
See also
* Hasidism
* Haredi Judaism
* Yemenite Jews
* Shomrim (volunteers)#Shomrim London (North Division), UK aka SHSRP Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
References
Stamford Hill is a district in north London in the London Borough of Hackney, England, near the border with London Borough of Haringey. It is Boxing the compass of Charing Cross. The area is particularly known for its 30,000 Hasidic Judaism, making it the largest concentration of Haredi Jews in Europe. Stamford Hill also has a small History of the Jews in Adenish community. Stamford Hill is also the name of part of the A10 road (England) road running through the area from Stoke Newington High Street to the start of Tottenham High Road.
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